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The science behind Bug Poop

Why growers believe in cricket frass

Peer-reviewed studies and real grower feedback point in the same direction: cricket frass can support plant establishment and vegetative growth, while its nutrients, organic matter and chitin-containing material make the root zone scientifically interesting.

Direct cricket-frass studies 14 papers and reviews UK reared crickets
Hands planting a young green seedling into dark soil PURE CRICKET FRASS
The science in 20 seconds

Why frass is interesting.

The short version before the studies.

01
Feed the root zone

Nutrients + organic matter.

Frass contributes nutrients and organic material to the soil around plant roots.

02
Add something unusual

Insect-derived material.

Cricket frass naturally contains insect-derived material including chitin.

03
Measure the response

Plants can respond.

Direct studies have reported changes in survival, vegetative growth and crop performance.

Green beans growing on a healthy garden plant Peer-reviewed field study · Madagascar Biodiversity Center
What happened when researchers tried it?

Cricket frass produced the strongest survival and vegetative growth in the green-bean trial.

At the highest tested cricket-frass dose, plant survival reached 88.1% and vegetative biomass reached 35.5g per plant, the strongest results in the trial for those measures.

Put simply: the plants given the strongest cricket-frass treatment established better and produced the strongest vegetative growth in the study.

88.1%plant survival at the highest tested dose
35.5gvegetative biomass per plant at that dose
Study context

Survival and vegetative biomass were the clearest positive results. The highest cricket-frass dose reached 88.1% survival, and its 35.5g average vegetative biomass per plant was significantly higher than every other treatment. Total pod biomass did not differ significantly between treatments, so we do not use pod yield as the headline result.

Read the published paper ↗
More direct evidence

Other crops. Different conditions.

Researchers have also tested cricket frass on zucchini and tomatoes.

ZUCCHINI Field study · Madagascar Biodiversity Center

Cricket frass improved plant performance in a field zucchini study.

Across two contrasting sites, plant height and leaf number generally increased as cricket-frass dose increased. Overall, cricket frass improved zucchini survival, growth and yield relative to the unfertilised control.

The strongest yield treatment depended on the site, so the study supports cricket frass as a promising organic fertiliser rather than a universal replacement for NPK.

Read the zucchini study ↗
TOMATO University-led protected-crop study

Low-dose cricket frass showed biostimulant effects in tomatoes.

Researchers found a clear dose-dependent response. At 0.1% w/w, cricket frass showed typical biostimulant features; at 0.5% and 1.0%, it produced elicitor-type responses under the tested conditions.

Read the tomato study ↗
Published science meets real gardens

Real growers backed it too.

Published science matters, but so does what happens in real gardens. In our small blind grower test, Bug Poop got a very strong response.

Plant grown with Bug Poop in the grower comparison
With Bug Poop
Plant grown without Bug Poop in the grower comparison
Without Bug Poop

Photos courtesy of Oadby Baptist Church Community Gardens.

016 out of 6 said they would use Bug Poop again
026 out of 6 said they would recommend it to a friend
03Growers reported healthier-looking plants
How the grower test worked

Small blind grower test with six amateur growers. This is customer feedback rather than a controlled academic trial, but it is a strong real-world signal.

Gardener holding plant roots and rich soil
The product behind the science

Pure cricket frass from our own UK-reared crickets.

One 300g bag treats up to 100L of soil or compost at 30g per 10L. Free standard UK delivery.

£19.99one 300g bag 100Ltreated per bag Happy oryour money back
Close-up of plant roots growing through dark soil
For the curious

Why it works in the root zone

Bug Poop adds nutrients, organic matter and insect-derived material directly into the root zone. That combination helps explain why researchers are interested in cricket frass as more than just a basic fertiliser.

NutrientsOrganic matterChitin
Go deeper on the mechanism
Nutrients

Frass contains plant nutrients that become part of the growing environment.

Organic matter

It adds carbon-rich material to the soil around the roots.

Chitin

Plant biology research shows that chitin fragments can be recognised by plant signalling systems, helping explain why chitin-rich inputs are scientifically interesting.

Mechanism research explains plausible biological pathways. Direct cricket-frass studies remain the closest evidence for expected agronomic effects.

For the research-minded View the full research library 14 studies and reviews

The papers below include direct cricket-frass studies, wider insect-frass research and mechanism research. They are not all studies of Bug Poop itself.

  1. Poveda J. Insect frass in the development of sustainable agriculture. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. Open source
  2. Sarikaki et al. Insect Frass as a Fertilizing Product: Composition, Agronomic Performance, Environmental Risks, and Regulatory Context. Environments. Open source
  3. Ony et al. Effect of Cricket Frass Fertilizer on growth and pod production of green beans. PLOS ONE. Open source
  4. Ony et al. Assessment of cricket frass as a sustainable organic fertilizer: Effects on seedling establishment, growth and fruit yield of zucchini. PLOS ONE. Open source
  5. Ferruzca-Campos et al. Biostimulant and Elicitor Responses to Cricket Frass (Acheta domesticus) in Tomato under Protected Conditions. Plants. Open source
  6. Sarin et al. Cricket and Locust Frass as Organic Fertilizers: Microbial Composition, Nutrient Availability, and Effects on Seedling Growth. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. Open source
  7. Beesigamukama et al. Nutrient quality and maturity status of frass fertilizer from nine edible insects. Scientific Reports. Open source
  8. Praeg & Klammsteiner. Primary study on frass fertilizers from mass-reared insects: Species variation, heat treatment effects, and implications for soil application at laboratory scale. Journal of Environmental Management. Open source
  9. Beesigamukama et al. Exploring Black Soldier Fly Frass as Novel Fertilizer for Improved Growth, Yield, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Maize Under Field Conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science. Open source
  10. Silva-Santos et al. Yeast extract and chitosan elicitation improves essential oil, regulates plant growth and antioxidative system in Lippia alba. South African Journal of Botany. Open source
  11. Barragán-Fonseca et al. Insect frass and exuviae to promote plant growth and health. Trends in Plant Science. Open source
  12. Hashem et al. Bacillus subtilis: A plant-growth promoting rhizobacterium that also impacts biotic stress. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. Open source
  13. Fira et al. Biological control of plant pathogens by Bacillus species. Journal of Biotechnology. Open source
  14. Hénault-Éthier et al. Opportunities and challenges in upcycling agri-food byproducts to generate insect manure (frass): A literature review. Waste Management. Open source